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276 matches to Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution. 1966-9. Mao’s Red Guards purge China of bourgeois, capitalist elements.
Gang of Four. Chinese leaders, including Mao’s widow, convicted 1980 of Cultural Revolution abuses.
Mao Tse-tung. 1893-1976. Chinese Communist leader 1935-. Long March. Cultural Revolution.
Red Guards. 1966-69. Paramilitary student units during Chinese Cultural Revolution.
Burckhardt, Jacob. 1818-97. Swiss cultural historian. Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy 1860.
Carver, George W. 1864-1943. US agriculturalist. Former slave.
Corn Laws. 1804-15. British agricultural price support. Repeal, 1846, marks transformation from agricultural to industrial priorities and free trade.
Crusades. 1095-1272. European Christian wars to regain Holy Land after Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem in 1072. Literature and the arts benefitted from Eastern cultural infusion. Peasants 1096. Annihilated. First. 1096-99. Genoa financed Godfrey of Bouillon to recapture Jerusalem. Only successful crusade. Second. 1147-49. Louis VII and Conrad III pillage Byzantium. Third. 1189-92. Richard I and Philip II Truce with Saladin allows access to Jerusalem. Fourth. 1202-4. French and Flemish nobles conquer, sack Constantinople, form Latin Empire. Childrens. 1212. Stephen of Cloyes led 30,000 unarmed French youths. Nicholas of Cologne led 20,000 German. All died or enslaved. Fifth. 1218-21. John of Brienne in Egypt. Sixth. 1228-29. Frederick II crowned king of Jerusalem. Seventh. 1248-54. St Louis of France captured by Egypt and ransomed. Eighth. 1270. St Louis dies of plague. Ninth. 1271-2. Prince Edward of England.
Depression. 1873-96. Caused by gold shortage, agricultural shortage, overspeculation, deflation.
German Movement. 18C Nationalist cultural movement. Lessing, Goethe, Schiller.
Haskala. 18-19C Cultural movement to move European Jews from ghettos into mainstream.
Hellenistic Art. c330-50BC. Cosmopolitan culturally diverse period of Alexander’s empire. Sensual, emotional sculpture. Dying Gaul. Laocoön.
Industrial Revolution. 1730-. Transformation from agricultural to urbanized manufacturing economy as a result of steam power. 1830 England, France. 1850 Germany. 1860 USA. Blanqui. Toynbee.
Kelley, Oliver. 1826-1913. US agriculturalist. Founded National Grange 1867.
Liebig, Justus von. 1808-73. German chemist. Analysis of organic compounds, 1831. Agricultural chemistry, 1841. Chloroform 1831.
Nordic Council. 1953-. Denmark, Norway, Sweden. 1955 +Finland. Promotes cultural unity, reciprocal rights.
Pan-American Union. 1890-1948. Commercial, cultural exchanges.
Physiocrats. 18C. Agricultural based philosophy. Land is source of all wealth. Elimination of controls over economy. Laissez-Faire. Quesnay. Turgot.
Ptolemy II. 308-246BC. Egyptian king 285-. Made Alexandria a cultural center. Built Pharos.
Reform Bills. England. 1832: Russell redistributes Parliamentary seats, enfranchises renters. 1867: Disraeli enfranchises workers in towns. 1884: Gladstone enfranchises agricultural workers. Representation of People Acts.
Romantic Movement. Reaction vs Enlightenment, French cultural domination. Native themes, individuality, subjectivity, self-expression.
Spengler, Oswald. 1880-1936. German historian of cultural cycles: Decline of the West 1918-22.
Suleiman I. The Magnificent. 1494-1566. Ottoman sultan 1520-. Expanded Empire to Yugoslavia, Hungary, Greece. Besieged Vienna. Cultural expansion. Barbarossa II.
Tylor, Edward. 1832-1917. British founder of cultural anthropology.
Vico, Giambattista. 1668-1744. Italian cultural philosopher: Scienzo Nuova 1720.